WORLD WITH DRONES

DRONES

 History

The first pilotless aircraft were built during and shortly after World-War I. It was made by using the techniques of A.M Low's radio control in the year of 1916. At that time it was known as "flying bomb". later in november 1917,the automatic airplane was flown for the representatives of the US army.This led the to commission a project to build an "aerial torpedo".

TYPES OF DRONES IN RECENT TIMES

1. QUADCOPTER
2. MINIATURE UAV
3. PASSENGER DRONE
4. DELIVERY DRONE
5. AGRICULTURAL DRONE

QUADCOPTER

Quadcopters generally have two rotors spinning clockwise and two counterclockwise. flight control is provided by the independent variation of the speed and hence lift and torque of each roter. unlike conventional helicoptors , Quadcopters do not usually have cyclic pitch control in which the angle of blades changes dynamicallyed as they turn around the rotor hub. At the early days of flight the Quadcopters are mostly used for solution to some of persistent problems in vertical flight. A number of managed design appeared in the year of 1920s to 1930s in which the blades size is also reduced so that it can a much faster flight than before and counter-rotation is also added to the drones.

Mechanical Structure Of Quadcopters

The main mechanical component are a fuselage or frame, the four rotors and motors. for best performance and simplest control alogorithm, the motors and propellers should be placed equidistant.

Autonomous Flight

The Quadcopters configuration is relatively simple to program for autonomous flight. This has allowed experiments with complex swarming behaviour based on basic sensing of the adjacent drones.

Endurance

The longest flight time acheived by a battery powered Quadcopters was 2 hours 31 minutes and 30sec. this record has been written in the record book in the year of 2016 but now a days a drone can easily fly for atleast 4 to 5 hours if once charged. Alternative power sources like hydrogen-fuel-cells and hybrid gas-electric generators have been used to dramatically extend Endurance because of the increased energy density of the both hydrogen and gasoline, respectively.

MINIATURE UAV

A MINIATURE-UAV or small UAV is an unmanned aerial vehicle small enough to be man-portable. Miniature-UAVs range from micro air vehicles that can be carried by infantryman, to man-portable UAVs These types of drones are now also used in the traffic purposes in canada as the traffic lights are now implemented by using the drone lights these helps in many ways as the drone contain a camera it takes the snapshot of the person who is not following the traffic rules and then as the govt. have each and every details of their state they directly cut the money or penalty from their bank accounts.

UAVs USED BY US ARMY

In the year of 1999 US Army bought four Aerovironment pointer small UAVs for testing in the service's "Military Operations in Urban Terrian". The US army has been intrested in developing MAVs that could deployed as munitions,fired from artillery or unguided rocket launchers pods. Its width of wings/blades is 94.5cm (3.1feet). The UAV named "Wide area surveillance projectile"(WASP) , no relation to the Aerovironment wasp , is fired out of a 127 millimeter (5 inch) naval gun.The WASP drone has a flight Endurance of 15 minutes ,including ten minutes of the powered flight and five minutes of glide. It is controlled by a tiny camera which is present in the lower fuselage. In september 2011 it was reported that the US Army has signed a contract with Aerovironment for the supply of the switchblades miniature drones. switchblades is the first tactical armed drone for use by a soldier as a part of their backpart kit and weighs around 2.5kg.

PASSENGER DRONE

A passenger drone is also known as pilotless helicopter or drone taxi , flying taxi . passenger drone is first introduced at consumer elctronics in the year of 2016 by chinese entrepreneurs.

FUTURE RELATED TO PASSENGER DRONES

According to my reasearch from many books , sites i got a point that in the year of 2050 or 2060 the passenger drone will be available in many state of india. These type of passenger flights are now used rarely in UNITED STATES , Canada and China this is due to the cost because this type of drone is expensive due to its automation quality but after 10 years it will be implemented so that its cost will be reduced and availability will be more so that most of the people can be benifical and it is also so much safe because it is controlled by Artificial intelligence.

DELIVERY DRONES

A delivery drone is a autnomous vehicle often used to transport packages,food and other goods. In the year of 2014 a Dutch student has invented a prototype of "Ambulance drone" which is capable of deivering the medicines to the person at a proper time. It also contains a live-stream communication capability allowing paramedics to remotely observe and instructions scene individuals in how to defibrillators. But one challenge which is faced in this drone is the language querries as it was invented by the dutch student he had set his language so that it can understand only one language i.e, dutch language. In the year of 2015 FAA garanted NASA , delevery company flirtey and virginia tech approval to deliver medicine to rural virginia medical clinic. they used ENGLISH language in the drone. in these way each and every other region used there language or ENGLISH so NASA said that in each and every area drone must be designed in such a way that it must know all lanuage and atleast know 2 lanuguage for live communication first will be english then second language will be the regional lanuguage. In the year of 2019 Drone delivery Canada conducted a pilot with peel region paramedics and showed a 100% success rate. In august 2019 Swoop Aero partnered with NGOs villager-research and GAVI to deliver vaccines in the equateur province of the democratic republic of congo.

USES OF DELIVERY DRONE IN COVID-19

In this year these type of drones become more famous this is due to COVID-19 because Whole WORLD is following a rule that he/she should not touch anything or person or shakehands and each and every type of contact so the companies like amazon is using drones in the UNITED STATES And CANADA so that there employees should not be affected by these deadly disease. And it also saves our time and it is ecofriendly as it doesnot releases any-type of harmful gases. Many food order delivering comapanies now deliver food or items by the help of these type of drones but it is mostly used in the western parts of the world but as a reasearch of mine in the year of 2035 to 2040 these type of drones can be seen flying the Indian sky.

AGRICULTURAL DRONES

AGRICULTURAL-DRONE is a unmanned aerial vehicle used to optimise agricultural operations, increase crop production and monitor crop growth in many ways. using agricultural drone helps in sprinking the water to the crops and it also assumes the proper need of the water to the crop it has two sensors that are built in such a way that it can sense the quantity of water present below the drone label of soil. The drone is also used to spray the seeds so that crop can grow. It also provides proper amount of water or same proportion of water to the crops so that each and every crop grows in a proper manner. It also guards the field from harmful insects and birds by spraying the gases which provide harm to that insects. In the upcoming years this type of drone will also gain much more importance because each and every person need food to live. and the no. of farmers is also equal to the no. of mens in other-fields so in the upcoming years the majority of the farmer will use this type of drones.

DRONE CONTROLLING DEVICE